These losses include reduction of herd size, reduced market value due to loss in body condition, drop in milk production, drop in lambing rate and prevention of mixed farming. This disease is the most devastating disease in terms of poverty and loss of agricultural production. One of those diseases which affect small ruminants is Trypanosomosis. Among the many factors which limit these economic returns from small ruminants is diseases that stand in the front line. In spite of the presence of large number of small ruminant population in Ethiopia and it fails to utilize expected productivity due to many factors. They equally serve as cash reserves and form of saving for a rural population and as a protection against agricultural failure therefore, the number of animals is more important than individual productivity. Sheep and goats play a crucial role in providing protein (milk and meat) and non-food commodities (manure and hides). Small ruminants are kept in a very broad range of agro-ecological zones such as hot and dry condition and provide a golden opportunity to alternatively exploit potential of lowland areas. Small ruminants become attractive assets for development because of low cost of production, requirement of little land and higher profitably. Morbidity and mortality losses from ruminant livestock alone are estimated to be USD 200 million. Among them 10-14 million heads of cattle and an equivalent number of equine, 18 million goats and 24 million sheep are exposed to the risk of acquiring trypanosomosis. Ethiopia possesses the largest livestock population in Africa with its greatest variation in climate and physiographic factors. In susceptible cattle breeds, the disease reduces calving by up to 20% and causes the death of another 20% of young stock. An estimate of 160 million cattle and 200 million sheep and goats are kept in this area of risk extending over 10 million Km 2 of land. Tsetse transmitted trypanosomosis affect 37 sub-Saharan countries of Africa. PCV: Packed Cell Volumes CSA: Central Statistical Authority FAO: Food and Agricultural Organization AAU: Addis Ababa University FVM: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine NTTICC: National Tsetse and Trypanosomosis Investigation and Control Center ILRI: International Livestock Research Institute UK: United Kingdom SNNPRS: Southern Nation, Nationalities and People Regional State Mareka district Prevalence Packed cell volumes Small ruminants Trypanosomosis This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Prevalence and Pathogenic Significance of Trypanosomosis on Sheep and Goats of Mareka District, Dawro Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia. Received date: NovemAccepted date: DecemPublished date: December 19, 2016Ĭitation: Kebede B, Hailu S, Terefe G. Veterinary Drug and Animal Feed Administration and Control Authority Bedaso Kebede 1 *, Seifu Hailu 2 and Getachew Terefe 3ġ Veterinary Drug and Animal Feed Administration and Control Authority, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaĢ Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries Development, Addis Ababa, Ethiopiaģ College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Bishoftu, Ethiopia
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